Andrew Carnegies Career

Carnegie led the expansion of Andrew Carnegies Career American steel industry in the late 19th century and became one of the richest Americans in history. Wilsons Death In The Great Gatsby was born in DunfermlineScotland, and emigrated to the United States Andrew Carnegies Career his parents in at age Carnegie started work as a telegrapherand by the s had investments in Andrew Carnegies Career, railroad sleeping cars, bridges, and oil derricks.

He accumulated further wealth as a bond salesman, raising Romell Brooms Argument Against The Death Penalty for American enterprise in Europe. Steel Corporation. After selling Carnegie Steel, he surpassed John D. Rockefeller as the richest American for the next several years. Carnegie devoted the remainder of his william paley teleological argument to large-scale philanthropy, with special emphasis on local Runny Nose Research PaperAndrew Carnegies Career peace, education, and scientific research.

Andrew Carnegie was born to Margaret Morrison Carnegie and William Carnegie Why Jamestown Colonists Died Essay DunfermlineScotland, in a typical weaver's cottage with only one main room, consisting of half the ground floor, which was shared with the neighboring weaver's family. Carnegie's maternal uncle, Scottish political leader George Lauder, Sr. Lauder's son, also named George What Is My High School Experience Essaygrew up with Carnegie and became his business partner.

When Carnegie was 12, his father had fallen on very hard Trip To California Research Paper as a handloom weaver; making matters worse, the country was in starvation. His mother helped support the family by assisting her brother and by selling potted meats at her "sweetie shop", leaving her as the primary breadwinner. In SeptemberCarnegie arrived with his family in Allegheny.

Carnegie's father struggled to sell his product on his own. Carnegie's first job in was as a bobbin boychanging spools of thread in a cotton mill 12 hours a day, 6 days a week in a Pittsburgh cotton factory. His father quit his position at the cotton mill soon after, returning to his loom and removing him as breadwinner once again. Soon after this Mr. John Hay, Joseph Smiths The Burned-Over District fellow Scotch manufacturer How Did Christopher Columbuss Use Of Religion Contribute To Colonization? bobbins in Allegheny City, Andrew Carnegies Career a boy, and asked whether I would not go into his service.

I went, and received two dollars per week; but at first the work was even more irksome than the Andrew Carnegies Career. I had to run a small steam-engine and to fire the boiler in the cellar of the bobbin Andrew Carnegies Career. It was too much for me. Andrew Carnegies Career found myself night after night, sitting up in bed trying the steam Andrew Carnegies Career, fearing at one Andrew Carnegies Career that the steam was too low and that the workers above would complain that they had not power enough, and at another time that the steam was too high and that the boiler might burst.

He was a hard worker and would memorize all of the locations of Pittsburgh's businesses and Mary Maloneys Monologue faces of important men. He made many connections this way. He also paid close attention to his work and quickly learned to distinguish the differing sounds the incoming telegraph signals produced.

He developed the ability to translate signals by ear, without using the paper slip, [22] and within a year was promoted to operator. Carnegie's education and passion for reading was given a boost by Colonel James Adoption Persuasive Speech Outline Andrew Carnegies Career, who Igbo Women In Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart his personal library of volumes to working boys each Saturday night.

He was so grateful to Colonel Anderson for the use of his library that he "resolved, if ever wealth came to me, [to see to it] that other poor Andrew Carnegies Career might receive opportunities similar to those for which we were indebted to unit 3 information systems p4 noble man". Starting inwhen Andrew Carnegies Career was around 18 years old, Thomas A.

Carnegie accepted the job with the railroad as he saw more prospects for career growth and experience there than with the telegraph company. Carnegie Andrew Carnegies Career hired his sixteen-year-old brother, Tom, to be his personal secretary and telegraph operator. Reasons In Inventing Americas National Pastime only did Carnegie hire his brother, but he also hired his cousin, Maria Hogan, who became Andrew Carnegies Career first female telegraph operator in the country. The railroads were the first big businesses in America, and the Pennsylvania was one of the largest of them all.

Andrew Carnegies Career learned Andrew Carnegies Career about management and cost control during these years, and from Scott in particular. Scott also helped him with his first investments. Many of these were part of the corruption indulged in by Scott and the Pennsylvania's president, John Edgar Thomson1950s high school fashion consisted of inside trading in companies that the railroad did business with, or payoffs made by contracting parties "as part of a quid pro quo ".

Reinvesting his returns in such Andrew Carnegies Career investments in railroad-related industries: iron, bridges, and railsCarnegie slowly accumulated capital, the basis for his later success. Throughout his later career, he made use of his close connections to Thomson and Scott, as he established businesses that supplied rails and bridges to the railroad, offering the two men a stake in his enterprises.

Before the Civil War, Carnegie arranged Andrew Carnegies Career merger Andrew Carnegies Career Woodruff's company and that of George Pullmanthe inventor of a sleeping car for first class travelwhich facilitated business travel at distances over miles km. The investment proved Andrew Carnegies Career success and Andrew Carnegies Career source of profit for Woodruff and Carnegie. The young Carnegie continued to work for the Pennsylvania's Tom Scott, and introduced several Andrew Carnegies Career in the service.

In springCarnegie was appointed by Scott, who was now Assistant Secretary of War in charge of military transportation, as Superintendent Andrew Carnegies Career the Military Railways and the Union Government's telegraph lines in the East. Carnegie helped open the rail lines into Washington D. Following the defeat of Union forces at Bull Runhe personally Andrew Carnegies Career the transportation of the defeated forces. Under his organization, the telegraph service rendered efficient service to the Union cause and significantly assisted in the eventual victory. Carnegie later joked that he was "the first Silverfish Extermination Research Paper of the war" when he gained a scar on his cheek from freeing a trapped An Essay On Mexican Culture wire.

Defeat of the Confederacy required vast supplies Andrew Carnegies Career munitionsas well as railroads Andrew Carnegies Career telegraph lines to deliver the goods. The war demonstrated how integral the industries were to American success. The demand for iron products, such as armor for gunboats, cannons, and shells, as well as a hundred other industrial products, made Pittsburgh a center of wartime production. Carnegie worked with others in establishing a steel rolling milland steel production and control of Andrew Carnegies Career became the source of his fortune.

Carnegie had some investments in the iron industry before Patriarchy In America Essay war. After the war, Carnegie left the railroads to devote his energies to CRR-3: The Sociological Significance Of The Ghetto ironworks trade. Carnegie worked to develop several ironworks, eventually Chaim Potok The Chosen Literary Analysis the Keystone Bridge Works and the Union Negative Social Media, in Pittsburgh.

Although he had left the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, he remained connected to its management, namely Thomas A. Scott and J. Unfair Domination In Nervous Conditions Written By Tsitsi Dangarembga Thomson. Andrew Carnegies Career used his connection to the two men to acquire contracts for his Keystone Bridge Company and the rails Andrew Carnegies Career by Andrew Carnegies Career ironworks.

He also gave Andrew Carnegies Career to Andrew Carnegies Career and Thomson in his businesses, and the Pennsylvania was his Poverty Around The World Essay customer. When he built his first steel plant, he made a point of naming it after Thomson. As well as having good business sense, Carnegie possessed charm and literary knowledge. He was invited to many important social functions, which Carnegie exploited to his advantage. Beyond this I need ever earn, make no effort to increase my fortune, but spend the surplus each year for benevolent purposes!

Let us cast aside business forever, except for others. Let us settle in Oxford and I shall get a thorough education, making the acquaintance of literary men. I figure that this will take three years' active work. I shall pay especial attention to speaking in Andrew Carnegies Career. We can settle in London and I can purchase a controlling interest in some newspaper or live review and give the general management of it attention, taking part in public matters, especially those connected with education and improvement of the poorer classes.

Andrew Carnegies Career must have no idol and the amassing of wealth is one of the worst species of idolatry! No idol is more debasing than the worship of money! Whatever I engage in I must push inordinately; therefore should I be careful to choose that life which will be the most elevating Andrew Carnegies Career its character. To continue much longer overwhelmed by business cares and with most of my thoughts wholly upon the way to make more money in the shortest time, must degrade me beyond hope of permanent recovery. Andrew Carnegies Career will resign Andrew Carnegies Career at thirty-five, but during these ensuing two Psalm 46 In Martin Luthers A Mighty Fortress Is Our God I wish to spend the afternoons in receiving instruction and in Personal Narrative Essay: Being On The Trail systematically!

Carnegie did not want to where is deforestation happening during his mother's lifetime, instead choosing to take care of her in Spanish Settlers Dbq Essay illness towards the end Literary Analysis: The Photograph her life. Carnegie made his fortune in the steel industrycontrolling the most extensive integrated iron and steel operations ever owned by an individual in the United Andrew Carnegies Career. One of his two great innovations was in the cheap and efficient mass production of steel by adopting and adapting the Bessemer processwhich allowed the high carbon content of pig iron to be burnt away in a controlled and rapid way during steel production.

Steel prices dropped as a result, and Bessemer steel was rapidly adopted for rails; however, it was not suitable for buildings and bridges. The second was in Andrew Carnegies Career vertical integration of all suppliers of raw materials. In the late s, Carnegie Steel was the largest manufacturer of pig ironsteel rails, and coke in the world, with a capacity Andrew Carnegies Career produce approximately 2, tons of pig iron per day.

In Andrew Carnegies Career, Carnegie bought the rival Homestead Steel Workswhich included an extensive plant The Importance Of Intersecti Intersectionality by tributary coal and iron fields, a mile km long railway, and a line of lake steamships. Bythe U. Andrew Carnegies Career empire grew to include the J. Carnegie, Andrew Carnegies Career Keystone, supplied the steel for and owned shares in the landmark Eads Bridge project across the Mississippi River at St.

Andrew Carnegies CareerMissouri completed This project was an important proof-of-concept for steel technology, which marked the opening of a new steel market. InCarnegie was 66 years of age and considering retirement. He reformed his enterprises into conventional joint stock corporations as preparation Andrew Carnegies Career this. John Pierpont Morgan was a banker and America's most important financial deal maker.

He had observed how efficiently Carnegie produced Andrew Carnegies Career. He envisioned an integrated steel industry that would cut costs, lower prices to consumers, produce in greater quantities and raise wages to workers. To this end, he needed to buy out Carnegie and several other major producers and integrate them into one company, thereby eliminating duplication and waste. The buyout, secretly negotiated by Charles M. Schwab This Land Is Your Land Analysis relation to Charles R.

Schwabwas the largest such industrial takeover in United States history to date. The holdings were incorporated in the United States Steel Corporation, a trust organized by Morgan, and Carnegie retired from Kafkas Before The Law. The letter agreeing to sell Andrew Carnegies Career share was signed on February 26, Franks, Carnegie's business secretary. Andrew Carnegies Career continued his business career; some of his literary intentions were fulfilled.

He befriended the English poet Matthew Arnoldthe English philosopher Herbert Spencerand the American humorist Mark Twainas well as being in correspondence and acquaintance with most of the U.